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Territory
Santander
Here, the La Belleza station (2,100 m.a.s.l.) is key in reducing the pressure of the pipeline given the accentuated descent to the Vasconia station (130 m.a.s.l.) in Boyacá.
Territory of Santander
The lands of Santander are divided by two major reliefs: the Middle Magdalena Valley and the Eastern Cordillera. The Magdalena valley, to the west of the department, is characterized by flat and gently undulating relief until it crosses the Magdalena River, bordering Antioquia. The eastern cordillera covers a large part of the department in a broken land with steep slopes and heights above 3,000 m.a.s.l.
The entry and exit of the pipeline in Santander
Upon crossing the boundary that divides the departments of Boyaca and Santander, at kilometer 180 of the pipeline, the Suarez river appears, irrigating the province of Velez; this region has a temperate and dry climate and is recognized for its rich folklore, music and agricultural industry, especially for the farming of guava and the production of guava paste. In the highest area of the province are the dreamy landscapes of the municipalities of Florian and La Belleza, in this last one is located the Ocensa station at 2,100 m.a.s.l. From there, the pipeline begins its descent to the Vasconia station (130 m.a.s.l.) in Puerto Boyacá, Boyacá.
Descending the cordillera, we briefly enter into the department of Boyaca, across the emerald region of Otanche and the hilly of Las Quinchas, to mouth into the valley of the Magdalena. The tropical rainforests and swamps of the middle basin of the river Grande de Nuestra Señora de la Magdalena, as this was originally baptized the backbone of the country, are located in northeastern of Antioquia, southern of Bolivar and Bajo Cauca of Antioquia, between the foothills of the Central Cordillera and the San Lucas mountain range.
Characteristics of the topography and geographic features in the area of the department of Santander where La Belleza station is located.
Navigate the map horizontally
Pipeline entranceto Boyacá
La Quincha
Serviez
to Antioquia
to Santander
Barrancabermeja
Waterfal
OTHERS PIPELINES
- 1 Colombian Pipeline
- 2 Vasconia Barrancabermeja Pipeline
- 3 Vasconia V26 Barrancabermeja Pipeline
- 4 Upper Magdalena Pipeline
Sector
Stretch
Miraflores - La BellezaDistance
85 kilometersSection
La Belleza - VasconiaDistance
319 kilometers
Altitude
La Belleza
2.100 m.a.s.l
Communities
Environment
Ecosystems
The Magdalena Medio region of Santander has wetlands at 100 m.a.s.l. and are located in the region of the middle valley of the Magdalena river, mainly in the flood plains to the south, in the municipality of Cimitarra, and to the north, in the municipality of Puerto Wilches.
According to data from the Corporación Autónoma Regional de Santander, the Magdalena Medio area includes 69 wetlands located in 7 municipalities. The municipality with the largest number of wetlands is Puerto Wilches with 36, it also shares 8 wetlands with Sabana de Torres. In Barrancabermeja 11 wetlands were identified, in Simacota one shared with Barrancabermeja, in Puerto Parra 8, in Cimitarra 12 and finally in the municipality of Bolivar one wetland was found.
In the mountainous area of this department, the Almorzadero paramo stands out, where is located the "Lagunas-Turberas" complex, which is important for its capacity to store water and regulate water flows.
Hydrography
The Magdalena river is the main source of the hydrological system of the Magdalena Medio in Santander. The right bank of the river receives important tributaries such as the Carare, El Opon, Lebrija and Sogamoso rivers, which receive rivers from Suarez and Chicamocha. Noteworthy.
As it flows through the department, the Magdalena river drains part of the municipalities of Bolívar, Cimitarra, Puerto Parra, Barrancabermeja and Puerto Wilches, and at the same time represents the natural boundary between the departments of Santander and Antioquia.
From the mountain area the water comes from the Almorzadero paramo. A vital ecosystem to reload the aquifers which begin the production of water currents that reach to the Chicamocha River, one of the most important rivers in the department.
Climate
The geographical position and its diverse topography define the meteorological characteristics of the department. When increasing from 100 m.a.s.l., on the banks of the Magdalena river, to an altitude of 4,200 m.a.s.l., a diversity of climates and microclimates are found in four basic thermal floors: warm, temperate, cold and paramo.
If you are looking for warm weather, the northwest of the department in the municipalities of Sabana, Puerto Wilches and Barrancabermeja, and in general the banks of the Magdalena river, record warm temperatures above 28°C . Average temperatures can be found in the lower basins areas of Sogamoso, Fonce and Chicamocha rivers. Along the limits with North of Santander, temperatures decrease considerably, registering values lower than 8°C.
Fauna
In the highlands of the Almorzadero paramo as in the middle valley of the Santander and Magdalena river, the group of species with the most abundant species are birds, followed by mammals, reptiles and amphibians.
Flora
In the Eastern Cordillera, with presence in the department of Santander, there are areas of humid forest and rainforest. The flood zones of the middle Magdalena river valley have marshes with three types of communities: gallery forests, grasses used for cattle raising, and the aquatic community formed by water hyacinth and grasses. Many areas have surrendered to the colonization of large areas now covered by pastures for cattle ranching.
Paramo of Santurban
Located in the highlands of the Eastern Cordillera, between the departments of Santander and North of Santander, it has an area of nearly 142,000 hectares and includes altitudes between 2,800 and 4,290 m.a.s.l. This massif is noted for the diversity and beauty of its fauna, as well as being the natural source of several water springs that supply water to the populations of the region, including Bucaramanga, and the Tasajero thermoelectric power plant in North of Santander.
The soil of the paramo is divided into four categories:
- Paramo greenery (50.3% of the area)
- Andean forests (27.1% of the area)
- Agricultural and livestock mixed lands and other intervention (22.5% of the area). This category includes mining areas, mainly in the municipalities of Vetas and Californi
- Wetlands (0.1% of the area).
Hilly country of Las Quinchas
The hilly country is part of the Las Quinchas Forest Reserve. There are around 30,000 hectares that include areas in the departments of Santander, Boyacá and Cundinamarca. It is important for the variety of fauna and wildlife, and for its endemic species such as amphibians, reptiles, mammals and birds. It is considered by others as the second largest biodiversity reserve in Latin America, just after the Amazon.
Ecosystem
Jungle
Tropical rainforest
Altitude
300 - 1.500
m.a.s.l.
Towns
Municipality of La Belleza
At 2,100 m.a.s.l. there are many landscapes which can be appreciated from a municipality such as La Belleza. Here, there is cold and warm land, with mountain systems such as the cuchillas of El Minero and La Tipa, cords of El Filo and Sitio Nuevo. Rivers such as the Blanco or Peñabonita, Minero and Negro, the Moravia Lagoon and numerous ravines.
With the Eastern Cordillera as a platform, it is a population whose main economic activities are livestock and agriculture. Most of the land is small farmstead, small properties and, in the cold areas, numerous ¼ hectare gardens are cultivated with potatoes, corn, white carrot, onions, tomatoes, cabbage and carrots.
La Belleza station is located 4 minutes from the urban center of the municipality. It is the highest location along the entire pipeline route. From there, the crude oil begins a downhill journey of almost 2,000 meters until it gets to the Vasconia station, in Boyacá.
Area
219 Km2
Altitude
2.100
m.a.s.l.
Temperature
16° C
5.505
Population
(Census 2018)
Area
191 Km2
Altitude
1.700
m.a.l.s.
Temperature
20° C
6.301
Population
(Census 2018)
Municipality of Florian
Florian is located in the province of Velez, Santander, and is a neighbor of the municipality La Belleza, where Ocensa's station is located. It has a typical mountain weather of the western slope of the Eastern Cordillera with a humid tropical climate in the lower and middle territory, and a humid temperate mountain climate in its top zone. It has three thermal floors: warm, temperate and cold.
If you want to visit the municipality, the Ventanas de Tisquizoque is a must. In it, a naturally formed cave is the mouth of the La Venta ravine, where its waters cascade for almost 300 meters. From there you can appreciate a delightful panoramic view of the municipality.
Municipality of Barrancabermeja
Barrancabermeja is the largest city in the natural sub-region of Magdalena Medio and the most important industrial city in the department of Santander. It is the headquarters of the country's largest oil refinery and a large sector of its economic activity is focused on the petrochemical industry, logistics and transportation.
*The refinery of Ecopetrol began its operations on February 18, 1922, with a simple still that used firewood as a heat source to distill crude oil and a production of 1,500 barrels per day. Today, 99 years later, it has the capacity to process up to 225,000 barrels per day of crude oil and is made up of 54 refining units, 32 industrial services units, an optimization center from which its operations are commanded remotely and securely, and 351 storage tanks.
*Source Ecopetrol
Area
1.154 Km2
Altitude
75
m.a.s.l
Temperature
28.5° C
Population
203.537
(Census 2018)
Station
La Belleza Station
SANTANDERUnlike the existing stations in Casanare and Boyaca, La Belleza is a way station, not a process station. Here, the pressure of the crude oil is reduced so it can flow down 2,300 meters to the Vasconia station. Thus, risks caused by pressure are minimized.
- Pass-through station
- Function: pressure control
- Storage capacity: 20,000 barrels for emergencies.
Area
219 Km2
Altitude
2.100
m.a.s.l.
Temperature
16° C
5.505
Population
(Census 2018)
Aliados
Aliados
